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M9630034.TXT
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1996-02-27
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Document 0034
DOCN M9630034
TI The leucocyte protein L1 (calprotectin): a putative nonspecific defence
factor at epithelial surfaces.
DT 9603
AU Brandtzaeg P; Gabrielsen TO; Dale I; Muller F; Steinbakk M; Fagerhol MK;
Laboratory for Immunohistochemistry and Immunopathology (LIIPAT),;
National Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
SO Adv Exp Med Biol. 1995;371A:201-6. Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE
MED/96001503
AB The L1 protein occurs at high concentrations in neutrophils, monocytes,
certain reactive tissue macrophages, squamous mucosal epithelia, and
reactive epidermis. It constitutes in fact about 60% of the neutrophilic
cytosol protein fraction. The two L1 chains (L1H and L1L) are referred
to by a bewildering collection of names, various authors having
different preferences (MRP-8 and MRP-14; CFA or calgranulin A and B).
The most recent proposal is calprotectin because of its calcium-binding
properties and antimicrobial effect shown in vitro. L1 belongs to the
S-100 protein family and may be involved in the regulation of
keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. It exists at high levels
in blood and interstitial tissue fluid in several infectious,
inflammatory, and malignant disorders, and it is released abundantly in
foci of granulocytes and macrophages. The C-terminal sequence of the L1H
chain has been shown to be identical to the N-terminus of peptides known
as neutrophil immobilizing factors. Such an activity of L1 could be
important for the accumulation of vital granulocytes, while L1 released
from neutrophils, macrophages and epithelial cells might exert
antimicrobial activity, perhaps by depriving microorganisms of zinc. The
minimum inhibitory concentrations of L1 in vitro were found to be 4-32
mg/l for Candida albicans, 64 mg/l for Staphylococcus aureus, 64-256
mg/l for S. epidermidis, and 256 mg/ml for Escherichia coli and
Klebsiella spp. Killing was observed at 2-4 times higher concentrations.
In patients with HIV infection, those who developed oral candidiasis had
significantly lower parotid L1 levels than those who did not (67
micrograms/l vs. 216 micrograms/l).
DE Antigens, Differentiation/CHEMISTRY/*PHYSIOLOGY AIDS-Related
Opportunistic Infections/ETIOLOGY Calcium-Binding
Proteins/CHEMISTRY/*PHYSIOLOGY Candidiasis, Oral/ETIOLOGY
Epithelium/*CHEMISTRY/PHYSIOLOGY Genes, Reiterated Human
Leukocytes/CHEMISTRY/PHYSIOLOGY Macrophages/CHEMISTRY/PHYSIOLOGY
Microbial Sensitivity Tests Nerve Tissue Protein S 100/CHEMISTRY
NCAM/CHEMISTRY/*PHYSIOLOGY Protein Conformation Salivary
Proteins/DEFICIENCY/PHYSIOLOGY Support, Non-U.S. Gov't JOURNAL ARTICLE
REVIEW REVIEW, TUTORIAL
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).